abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the economic efficiency of meloxicam, a cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitor, versus diclofenac and piroxicam in the UK for the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis and the impact on the NHS budget of substituting nonselective NSAIDs with meloxicam. Methods and perspective: A decision an...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Tavakoli M

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a consequence of its prevalence, early onset and chronicity, schizophrenia imposes clinical and economic impediments to healthcare practitioners and society alike. Among the many antipsychotics available to treat the symptoms of this devastating illness, clozapine has emerged and differentiated itself from the othe...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Tse G,Thompson D,Procyshyn RM

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Cost is an issue when prescribing two drugs with equivalent efficacy. We compared the direct medical costs of topical brinzolamide 1% (twice a day or three times daily) with topical dorzolamide 2% (twice a day or three times daily) in France, Italy, Portugal and Spain in patients with ocular hypertension or p...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Rouland JF,Le Pen C,Gouveia Pinto C,Berto P,Berdeaux G

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a public health priority in the UK. The National Service Framework (NSF) has set standards for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of CHD, which include the use of cholesterol-lowering agents aimed at achieving targets of blood total cholesterol (TC) < 5.0 mmol/L and low d...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Wilson K,Marriott J,Fuller S,Lacey L,Gillen D

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the economic value of pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in overweight and obese patients using orlistat in addition to standard diabetes therapy (i.e., a sulphonlyurea, metformin or insulin) and weight management strategies as compared with standard diabetes therapy and weight ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Maetzel A,Ruof J,Covington M,Wolf A

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In today's environment, the demand for efficient healthcare resource allocation is increasing. As new technologies become available, allocation decisions become more complex and tools to assist decision makers in determining efficient allocations of healthcare resources are encouraged. Mathematical programs have multi...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Earnshaw SR,Dennett SL

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Open-heart surgery (OHS) is performed to bypass occluded arteries, replace malfunctioning cardiac valves or correct congenital abnormalities. The average cost of OHS varies from $US25 057-$US79 795 (1997 values). The objective of this paper was to review economic studies of pharmacological strategies in open-heart sur...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Reddy P,Song J

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate indirect costs in Spanish ambulatory patients with HIV/AIDS and to identify changes in employment status and their current QOL. METHOD:Information was obtained through 32 interviews/enquiries carried out with ambulatory patients receiving medical attention at Gregorio Marañón and Puerta de Hierro...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Oliva J,Roa C,del Llano J

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lack of a uniform costing methodology is often considered a weakness of economic evaluations that hinders the interpretation and comparison of studies. Standardisation is therefore an important topic within the methodology of economic evaluations and in national guidelines that formulate the formal requirements fo...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Oostenbrink JB,Koopmanschap MA,Rutten FF

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors enhance thrombolysis in patients with acute coronary syndromes. This analysis evaluates the economic impact of abciximab, a GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor, as an adjunct to urokinase in peripheral artery occlusions of less than 6 weeks duration. STUDY DESI...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Duda SH,Tepe G,Bala M,Luz O,Ziemer G,Ouriel K,Pusich B,Wiskirchen J,Claussen CD,Banz K

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacoeconomics of the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin in the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism have mostly been investigated in cost-effectiveness studies that estimated direct costs associated with treatment, using decision analyses and clinical outcome data from randomised con...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Bergqvist D

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the annual direct cost of managing erectile dysfunction (ED) to the UK National Health Service (NHS) and to examine the impact of the introduction of sildenafil in 1998 and Schedule 11 restrictions in 1999. DESIGN:A prevalence-based cost-of-illness approach was used. The period 1997 to 2000 was c...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Wilson EC,McKeen ES,Scuffham PA,Brown MC,Wylie K,Hackett G

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidural analgesia and intravenous analgesia with opioids are two techniques for providing pain relief for women in labour. Labour pain is comparable to surgical pain in its severity, and epidural analgesia provides better relief from this pain than intravenous analgesia; a meta-analysis quantified this improvement to...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Huang C,Macario A

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epilepsy is a chronic condition with numerous social and psychological consequences. This work aimed to review available data on epilepsy and the impact of surgical and pharmaceutical treatments on the quality of life in adults and children. Research on quality of life in epilepsy is characterised by a wide and fragme...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Berto P

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper analyses the 32 technology appraisals completed by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK from its establishment to the end of January 2002. It looks at why technologies have been rejected, what has happened to products reviewed at launch, evidence of rationing on cost-effectiveness...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Towse A,Pritchard C

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the use of risperidone in a US managed-care environment is associated with a reduction in the use of mental healthcare services. METHODS:Mental health service use and costs for patients with psychoses treated with risperidone versus those treated with conventional antipsychotic agents we...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Gianfrancesco F,Durkin MB,Mahmoud R,Wang RH

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Like other developed countries with aging populations, Sweden is expecting large increases in the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and corresponding escalations in the cost of care for patients with this disease. Galantamine, a new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and nicotinic modulator, has proved effective...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Garfield FB,Getsios D,Caro JJ,Wimo A,Winblad B

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The symptoms of onychomycosis and their impact on personal appearance are important determinants of patients' perceptions of their own health. The effect of onychomycosis is greater on psychosocial than physical functioning and is directly related to the extent of nail involvement. This review identified a number of d...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Shaw JW,Joish VN,Coons SJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the potential savings in overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment costs for the US population with coronary artery disease (CAD) resulting from the use of amlodipine. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Using patient-level data from a retrospective analysis of the Prospective Evaluation of the Vascula...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Casciano R,Doyle JJ,Chen J,Arikian S,Casciano J,Kugel H,Arocho R

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Economic analysis of healthcare interventions is increasingly reliant on decision models to estimate the long-term costs and benefits of new therapies. Models permit analysts to take short-term clinical data to forecast long-term costs and benefits. Models should follow certain basic principles and can be appraised in...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Coyle D,Lee KM,O'Brien BJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the last decade, there has been a proliferation in the number of economic evaluations of pharmaceuticals to meet the growing demand for information about the economic benefits of healthcare technologies. The majority of these studies have been commissioned by pharmaceutical companies for the purposes of drawing a...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Pang F

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:About one-quarter of men aged 50 years and older experience voiding problems due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Until about 10 years ago, surgery (particularly transurethral resection of the prostate) was the only effective treatment for symptomatic BPH. Over the last decade, several new treatments have been i...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Stoevelaar HJ,McDonnell J

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Pertussis is a highly contagious infection affecting mainly children. Acellular pertussis vaccines were recently introduced in Canada based on evidence of improved safety and efficacy over whole cell vaccines, the current standard of care. The following study reports the economic impact of replacing the whole...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Iskedjian M,Einarson TR,O'Brien BJ,De Serres JG,Gold R,Gemmill IM,Milkovich N,Rosner A

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The high consumption of hypolipidaemic agents warrants the study of the costs caused by these medicines being inadequately prescribed. OBJECTIVE:To quantify the economic cost generated in 1 year in primary care by inadequate (or unnecessary) prescriptions for hypolipidaemic drugs. METHODS:A cross-sectional...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Ballesteros LC,Fernández San Martín MI,Sanz Cuesta T,Escortell Mayor E,López Bilbao C

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For practical reasons, in order to carry out economic evaluations of collective decisions, total costs will generally be compared with total benefits; hence, individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) or quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) have to be estimated at an aggregate level. So far, aggregation has usually been don...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Liljas B,Lindgren B

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:(i) To project vaccine parameters, economic consequences and market size associated with HIV-1 vaccination of infants in sub-Saharan Africa through the Expanded Program on Immunisation (EPI); and (ii) to assess threshold values for price and effectiveness. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Cost-effectiveness analysi...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Bos JM,Postma MJ

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasingly in the developed world, patients expect to be partners in the management of their healthcare. Several recent studies show that the patient perspective differs from the perspective of the healthcare provider. Patients usually focus on the impact of their condition on their lifestyle, while clinicians may t...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Rameckers E

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barrett's oesophagus is a premalignant complication that occurs in approximately 10% of patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). In patients with Barrett's oesophagus, the risk of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus approaches 0.5% per patient-years. Therefore, practice guidelines have been developed that ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Arguedas MR,Eloubeidi MA

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of economic evaluation in the efficient allocation of healthcare resources has been widely debated. Whilst economic evidence is undoubtedly useful to purchasers, it does not address the issue of affordability which is an increasing concern. Healthcare purchasers are concerned not just with maximising efficien...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Trueman P,Drummond M,Hutton J

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The progressive disability of Parkinson's disease results in substantial burdens for patients, their families and society in terms of increased health resource use, poorer quality of life, caregiver burden, disrupted family relationships, decreases in social and leisure activities, deteriorating emotional well-being, ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Rubenstein LM,DeLeo A,Chrischilles EA

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the relative cost effectiveness of topical calcipotriol and short-contact dithranol in the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis. DESIGN AND SETTING:This was a modelling study from the perspective of the UK National Health Service as payer. METHODS:The interventions were compared using 2...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Ashcroft DM,Li Wan Po A,Williams HC,Griffiths CE

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To calculate costs for the management of deep foot infections and to identify the most important factors related to treatment costs. DESIGN:Costs for in-hospital care, surgery, investigations, antibacterials, visits to the foot-care team, orthopaedic appliances and topical treatment were calculated retrospec...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Tennvall GR,Apelqvist J,Eneroth M

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of using epoetin-alpha (erythropoietin) to augment preoperative autologous donation (PAD) of blood prior to elective cardiac surgery. DESIGN AND SETTING:We designed a decision-analytic model incorporating the risk of receiving allogeneic blood,...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Coyle D,Lee KM,Fergusson DA,Laupacis A

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article explores the need to perform pharmacoeconomic evaluations of herbal medicines and assesses the extent to which this approach has been applied so far to these products. There seems to be no compelling need for pharmacoeconomic analyses of herbal over-the-counter medicines, but such analyses are certainly w...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： De Smet PA,Bonsel G,Van der Kuy A,Hekster YA,Pronk MH,Brorens MJ,Lockefeer JH,Nuijten MJ

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing body of recent work has identified several problems with economic evaluations undertaken alongside controlled trials that can have potentially serious impacts on the ability of decision makers to draw valid conclusions. At the same time, the use of cost-effectiveness models has been drawn into question, due ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： McCabe C,Dixon S

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate savings in the cost of caring for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) during 6 months, 1 year and 2 years of treatment with rivastigmine. An intermediate objective was to estimate the relationship between disease progression and institutionalisation. DESIGN AND SETTING:We assessed the relation...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Hauber AB,Gnanasakthy A,Snyder EH,Bala MV,Richter A,Mauskopf JA

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical and economic factors that are important to consider when selecting anaesthesia for day-case surgery can differ from those for inpatient anaesthesia. Patients undergoing day-case surgery tend to be healthier and have shorter durations of surgery. They expect less anxiety before surgery, amnesia for the surgica...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Eger EI,White PF,Bogetz MS

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Swedish formulary committees are expected to influence prescribing practice by establishing and issuing drug lists and clinical practice guidelines, particularly now that financial responsibility for prescription drugs has been transferred from the national to the county council level. OBJECTIVE:The purpose...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Anell A,Svarvar P

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of pricing and trade for in-patent medicines within the European pharmaceutical sector presents a major challenge. In conditions of large sunk costs and consumers with differential willingness to pay--between different Member States--an efficient way of pricing in-patent medicines is through price discr...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Glynn D

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this paper is to highlight important considerations in the measurement of health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) in paediatric populations. Considerations specific to the evaluation of HR-QOL in children include children's understanding of the questions being asked, their understanding of their own dis...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Connolly MA,Johnson JA

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00